Hand Grenade GM-94

Hand grenades are used as weapons during police operations, peacekeeping and combat operations, the effect of this type of weapon is noticeable when applied in confined spaces such as buildings, houses, narrow streets in the decommissioning of manpower. With its modest weight and overall performance grenades - very powerful weapon, striking the effect of which is comparable with the combat capabilities of artillery units .

• Hand grenades are different from other small arms of a danger zone, that is due to high power use at extremely short distances is dangerous for rocket launcher. In addition, hand grenade can dramatically change the course of a local fight, but the give-away is a factor in its use.

• It can be concluded that the successful use of hand grenades at the police actions, while countering terrorism, combat operations in urban environments, grenade launchers must comply with such requirements as :

- Minimize the range of safe use of weapons
- a decrease unmasking effects (smoke, sound, flash)
- the possibility of using these weapons in a limited and confined spaces;
- high performance mobile grenade (light weight, convenient size)
- the maximum possible rate,
- improved performance hit (accuracy and precision).

• It is under these requirements and was developed in the 90s the Tula Instrument Design Bureau manual GM-94 grenade launcher . Grenade launcher system has a caliber of 43 mm.

• The purpose of the GM-94 :
Hand set granatometaniya GM-94 is used for:
- ensuring the termination of the enemy aimed fire on open areas and inland areas;
- disabling the largest number of enemy personnel in urban environments, confined spaces, mountainous areas
- temporary incapacitation of enemy units, using specific ammunition (glare, smoke, fire)
- the defeat of automotive engineering and technology with light armor.

• Manual GM-94 grenade launcher at the Tula designers turned to a minimum give-away effect - the quiet sound of shooting grenades, complete absence of a fiery flash shots.GM-94 is completely safe for the rocket launcher when firing on open squares, closed and confined spaces, and various vehicles.

• Grenade Launcher is made ​​under the scheme shotgun caliber 12 mm "Lynx" .The gun "Lynx" is also a proprietary Tula designers. Entered into production in 1995 and has successfully proved itself in the market.

• Recharging the grenade is made ​​by physical effort moving forward with the barrel shank . This arrangement made ​​it possible not to use the sliding bolt, which will eventually reduce the weight and size characteristics.

• Use lugs side-mirrors and the receiver is locking of the barrel. The barrel is located above the tubular magazine, which increases the stability of the entire grenade during a shot. Equipment shop is a grenade launcher on top, it's easy to make dosnaryazhenie GM-94 ammunition. Hunted shells are given by grenades down, which is very important in the management of fire in enclosed spaces.

• The trigger mechanism is made ​​self-cocking , which allows hand-grenade, is in constant readiness for use. Grenade has turned a simple to use, reliable in operation, suitable for left-and right-handers. Time for GM-94 on alert not more than 2 seconds.

• For firing a grenade launcher used by 43 mm caliber grenades VGM-93 , subdivided into:
- irritating, so-called "smoker" type,
- the shock-shock effects;
- thermobaric effects.
possibility of using these types of grenade launcher makes an effective multi-purpose weapon.

• Used Grenades : 
- thermobaric grenade impact VGM 93.100 is designed to engage the enemy in a radius of three meters from the explosion grenade defeat armored vehicles with armor up to 8 mm, effectively demolishing the wooden and brick defenses due to the effect of excess pressure. Resistant safety action, the safe distance of 5 meters for use;

- Grenades irritating VGM and VGM 93,300 93.200 create unbearable conditions for the enemy, forcing him to leave the protective feverishly building. The area of exposure to 100 square meters in open areas and up to 300 cubic meters in closed rooms;

- grenades, shock-shock effects of VGM and VGM 93,400 93,600 neutralize the enemy with minimal detrimental to health;

- training grenades VGM and VGM 93,700 93,700 intended for the use of grenade training in all conditions.

• Key features GM-94 : 
- shots used VGM 93; 
- the length of the unfolded state of 81 cm 
- Length when folded 54 cm 
- Weight 4.8 kg; 
- aiming firing 300 meters 
- the maximum distance of 600 meters; 
- safe use - 5 yards to the goal, 
- the average rate of firing 100 m / s.

• Additional information
in the 2007 hand-grenade entered the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, and in 2008 the Federal Security Service also began to use hand grenades in their units.